Genetic engineering is a technique which deals with genes, human and animal as well as genes Microbiology, or units of heredity located on the chromosomes by chapter, they arrived and entry to parts of one object to another with intent to cause a situation in which knowledge and function (gene) or a view to increasing the amount of material Alnatjpan expression him or to supplement the lack of it in a target cell.
Historical Perspective
With the discovery of chromosomes has been reached to know the genes as tapes recorded by the qualities of the object or cell material. These genes are a double-handed DNA defective oxygen is also known as DNA genetic code-holder.
1 - that DNA is the carrier of the genetic code.
2 - the qualities that carried him to translate into proteins are embodied in the form of capacity required to implement them.
3 - that each thread can be a template consists of paired it with a new thread using the structural units of the cytoplasm.
4 - It can be cut and it reached the double helix through multiple technology in different places. Can also be easily separated husband coil.
5 - it can cut and paste a piece of him from one place to another.
6 - to change or distort the destruction of this system leads to: either as a result of the lethal object or condition stemming from the breakdown of one of His attributes which differ in terms of its importance
7 - The structure of DNA and its components are [sugar, and adenine, and phosphate] and this structure common to all objects of Microbiology to the elephant.
How Genetic Engineering
Measures are
Genetic Engineering is in many ways, which is essentially composed of 4 steps:
1 - to isolate the desired gene: isolation is through the identification of the desired gene introduced into cells by advance information on the genes that are obtained either through the work of libraries of cDNA or gDNA and then is doubled these genes using a chain reaction of polymers.
2 - enter or download the desired gene in a suitable carrier, such as plasmid. Pregnant women can also be used such as pregnant women or viral Allibozzom.
3 - the introduction of a pregnant woman in the cells of organism to be modified. And are, inter alia, a gun DNA.
4 - Isolation and separation of cells or organisms genetically readjustments successfully from natural resources. Take place in several ways: the use of DNA probe for the investigation of gene entrance or by using the parameters discriminatory Selectable marker to investigate the status of resistance exist with the pregnant woman and be resistant to a distinctive character of certain discriminatory as teachers gain resistance to the antibiotic given.
Applications
There are many applications of genetic engineering, including:
* The production of some medicines in large quantities: the first is insulin human manufactured medicines accidentally genetic engineering in 1982. As possible by this geometry to obtain the human clotting factor and factors dissolve a blood clot.
* The production of the hormones in large quantities: for example, growth hormone in humans.
* The production of some vaccines, such as a vaccine Hepatitis B Study.
* The production of genetically modified organisms: such as vegetables, resistance to pest and bacterial infection also remains fresh for longer than the natural vegetables.
Some examples:
According to Scientific American magazine volume 13 number April 4 1997 (translation Kuwait) as follows:
* In 1981 explained (WJ Corden) and his colleagues at Yale University: that the fetus uranium for Voristtia to incorporate genetic material strange (DNA) in Sbgyate (Morthath) and then came Scientists from the University (Ohio), who demonstrated that a gene (a piece of DNA with symbols to a particular protein derived from rabbit could function in the rat after injection in Jenin, a rat and a single cell) and it was surprising that the scientists observed that DNA strange and injected cells from the rabbit into the cells of the mouse quickly integrates with the characteristics of the mouse, and is likely to be cell advantage that piece broken from its own DNA and in need of renovation.
* In 1987 appeared another important discovery of the genetically modified animals, he had a group of scientists to devise ways to activate the genes of alien in the mammary gland of the mouse was a result of which a strange composition of protein molecules and secreted in the milk of genetically modified mouse.
* The outcome of this research unique to the possibility of producing human protein (tonic Albulazminugen) through the introduction of the human genome holder of this capacity in the cells that produce milk in an animal is chosen, the result is that out of this protein in large quantities in the milk of animals to be used as a means of treatment in case of lack of this protein in the human patients.
[Edit] Genetic engineering in scientific research
In doing so opened the doors to science so-called genetic engineering, the scientists were able to introduce genes (genes) of the animal to bacteria, but also from human to bacteria or animal, and the surprise was amazing that the bacteria grafted gene strange taken to divide to produce many editions of this gene, which enabled his exhaustive study, but possible through the introduction genes - pieces of the carrier attributes some - certain rights to animals that we get the output, it (the gene) in large quantities through the dairy animal.
[Edit] Genetic Engineering and religion
Accompanied these discoveries impressive media campaign a massive play the science fiction influential role on the minds of public intellectuals, put question marks in front of religious thought and enlightened, he picked up the media news about the possibility to make fathers or mothers applied to the scientists to get kids to the specifications of a certain shape, color and intelligence and the ability physical or mental health, and even went science fiction to the possibility of insertion of a gene (adj) photosynthesis of green plants to human embryos to obtain human green, which can be used sunlight and carbon dioxide from the air for its food and energy, and thus does not become any problems economic relationship with food.
In light of this it was necessary to ask some important questions:
1 - Do you think genetic engineering would interfere with the affairs of God?.
2 - Is this an amendment to the creation of God for the better?.
3 - Is this as evidence of the sincerity of purely physical theory? Is Is Is ......?
[Edit] Answer
Before we respond to these questions must show the thinker's mind that these questions already false and void for the reason they do not rely on facts but based on the imagination and illusions and delusions.
How?
Sostair answer from the words of scientists, genetic engineering and working in this area are as follows:
* Says (Irvine Char dry), one of the founders of molecular biology: in the genes that play at our peril.
* Says (William Betz) world of genetic engineering, the author of Genetic Engineering for all: "The job of most of the blame of DNA is still secret and the fact that mostly seems useless, and 90% from some of the lengths of the genes does not carry information, and it also says: The scholars biological do not know very little of the dilemma of the secrets of genes, and scientists, if admitted to Gina (adj) in a cell targeting this gene will face a portal destinies: either to attach to our nation is already in Alkhalipoo remain isolated for a separate piece.
And scientists can not say exactly what will happen, but everything is reign with dumping the genetic code taken from an object in the target cell, and then waiting may be able to integrate the cell in the right place may not be able to have no knowledge of prior results to scientists and they have nothing to be completed in the flour.
May result in some genetic engineering techniques associated with the genes introduced into the target cell is to provide the cancer cell characteristics, as sometimes occurs as a result of the use of viruses or components for the integration of a specific gene in a cell targeted animal.
* In the book Future genetic British Medical Association, scientists say genetic engineering:
The genetic modification is used to treat serious hereditary diseases, but the possibility that parents can request one day, children with specific characteristics, this is not hated, but is also not likely never reached.
The genetic modification is used to treat serious hereditary diseases, but the possibility that parents can in a day as requested by children with specific characteristics, this is not hated, but is also not likely never reached.
We find in this global reference, too: the direct benefits of gene therapy successful somatic cell may be the matter clear, and the future impacts in the long run it could be difficult to predict, it is possible for example that an error occurs in the insertion of genes lead to transformation of the cell to a cancer cell with no the emergence of cancer only after the next years to do so.
In summary, all that the field of genetic engineering does not exceed harness bacteria or animals to produce proteins used to treat some patients who suffer from a lack of genetic in these vehicles, the sense that these bacteria or animals used to produce the required compensation for the lost of rights is only the objects that make fun of the work so that one of the leading scientists of genetic engineering called on these objects farcical expression (donkeys subservient to work).
As well as the work of scientists to try to introduce some of the genes lost or damaged through the doors of harnessing these genes in favor of a return to the status of Mycoplasma by a door of treatment and medication.
And sincerity of the right, who said:
Genetic Engineering not you see that Allah has subjected to you what is in the heavens and on earth, and bestowed blessings on you, visible and invisible, and people who argue about Allah without knowledge or guidance or illuminating book (Luqman: 20)
Genetic Engineering
.
And obey the Messenger in urging people to medication: [Tdwao slaves of God, God did not make the disease, but there is a remedy].
But can the man to play the gene is changed to an increase or decrease or switch?
Answer: Yes he can.
Vicu the following question:
What will be the result?
Answer: There are ways to clarify seen by scientists in real life where they have noticed that there are objects occur with mutations or changes leading to delete or cut or add genes (recipes) graduating from fitr on her behalf Mycoplasma them to the case of the violation, and we have the scientists observed that most of these changes either lethal destructive of the object or a nurse has a degree does not solve it.
And consensus that change in the object creation Muftor it ruined or damaged or nurse, even after a while.
The process of hybridization in animal breeds and plant for example, do not fall within the cause of change and switch, because hybrids do not change it, but the remaining attributes in place, and the bodies that, but are paired qualities of the object attributes of an object of its kind as it is mating gene carries a recipe cm (for example) with the gene not carried by the result is the holder of a recipe cm so on.
The intervention to change the creation of another body such as producing a green man or a child genius, it is impossible to reason and quoting:
Reason: Because scientists do not know of the secrets of only a few genes, and because the issue is not a specific gene, but genetic relationships are intertwined and interrelated in a network not only surrounded by the Creator Bari photographer, because the observation process emphasized the seriousness of the change on the organism.
Quoting: because the right to say ((thy face upright for religion bestowed by God created mankind does not change God's creation is religion, but most people do not understand)). [Roman: Verse 30]
But if it happened that the switch was done, the result is not good in it, but that humanity will reap from behind, but devastation and destruction is one of the devil for his heirs.
° ° God said: (and Omrnhm nature created by God and the devil take the crown without God, lost Khosro showing) (women, verse 119)))
And here they are scientists thoughtful hold conferences and Ihzron play gene change and any change in degree of graduation for fitr on her behalf for fear of it multiplies and released into the environment from which he graduated generations destroyed or upset the balance and the biological creation of God by the knowledge and wisdom (and everything with Him is measured), but here they are scholars versed in knowledge Ihzron of the possibility that the cell turns to another peaceful fatal cancer as a result of playing the genes are altered or changed change.
ليست هناك تعليقات:
إرسال تعليق